Tool V3 · Free
Corporate Structure Designer
Who owns what, through which jurisdiction, with what voting power — and whether that survives an aviation regulator's ownership-and-control test. Model the chain, see the look-through economics, and get the governance checks that institutional lenders will apply to you.
Step 1
Pick a structure archetype
Complexity is a cost, not a virtue. Take the simplest structure that satisfies your funders and your regulator.
Step 2
The chain
Set the shareholding at each tier. Percentages within a tier should total 100%.
Step 3
Look-through economics
Effective interest is the product of the chain, not the register at any one tier. This is the table a regulator, a lender and a tax authority each reconstruct for themselves.
| Party | Direct at OpCo | Indirect via chain | Total effective | Position |
|---|
Step 4
Governance & lender checks
The failure modes that show up in diligence on African aviation structures. Tick what you have addressed.
Assumptions and limits
Governance checks are drawn from institutional project-finance practice and from patterns that recur in African aviation transactions. Offshore substance costs are indicative annual running estimates per entity for a licensed management company, resident directors, local banking and audited local accounts.
This tool is a structuring aid, not legal, tax or regulatory advice, and no lawyer-client or adviser relationship arises from using it. Ownership-and-control tests, beneficial-ownership disclosure, tax residence, treaty access and substance requirements are jurisdiction-specific and change frequently. Take qualified legal and tax advice in every relevant jurisdiction before incorporating anything.
Structure is cheap to get right and expensive to unwind.
Restructuring after a lender is in, or after a certificate has issued against a particular ownership chain, costs an order of magnitude more than designing it correctly at the start.
Talk to us about your structure